Literature Review Challenges Faced by Young People Entering in to the

Question: Writing survey: Challenges Faced by Young People Entering in to the Job Market. Answer: Official outline Different exploration shows that youthful people groups desires when entering the workforce and their level of information are not normally the equivalent for every one of them. This examination explores the difficulties and issues that youngsters face when entering in to the activity markets. In doing as such, this examination will break down these variables while recommending a portion of the zones that can be utilized by both possible businesses and instructors so as to get ready youngsters for the activity advertise. This is on the grounds that there is still little information on the work showcase openings among youngsters since the greater part of them depend on essential wellsprings of information like loved ones. This exploration demand of the requirement for more consciousness of abilities required for them to have the option to acquire business. Presentation Polished methodology and youth work has been generally examined in many pieces of the world, anyway because of the way that there is a sloppiness to help youthful business is thwarting an across the nation banter on the same(Macguire et al., 2013). Since there is the nonattendance of there, there is an extraordinary prevention in the strategy which characterizes youthful business and discussion keeps on being driven by youth laborers, academicians and practitioners(Didier, 2014). There is little exploration accomplished for the conversation on the difficulties looked by youngsters looking for work, it is anyway certain that there appear to be a solid inclination that the weight is probably going to push ahead to professionalization of oneself serving and ability to move youth center and have youngsters managing them(Nunn et al., 2014). It is along these lines significant that youngsters should be explained on who they are expertly and what they are searching for when looking for empl oyment(Baur et al., 2013). This is on the grounds that there is a significant level of little mindfulness among the adolescent with regards to desires for managers. AlsoAdrian (2007), describes perspectives on managers on the way that most youngsters are consistently not mindful of territories that they display shortcoming before they enter the activity advertise particularly according to their absence of delicate abilities. This sort of exploration discoveries will likewise go along with investigations of youngsters who have somehow experienced paid work and who additionally have showed up exceptionally mindful on the aptitudes and capacities bosses look for and who can look for and cultivate such traits(Cameron, 2004). For instance, Baur, et al. (2013), reasoned that cutting edge youthful understudy laborers can pick up learning encounters with respect to their expert life in order to prepare them to take on their future vocations. The creators likewise included that youngsters goal for tutoring would typically take a gander at building the limit that will empower them to be progressively reflexive and view themselves and experts that businesses may discover an incentive in and consider them as equivalent representatives in different professionals(Baur et al., 2013). This paper this examines a portion of the issues found among youthful when looking for work and gives manners by which such issues can be kept away from. Difficulties looked by youngsters when entering the Job Market Despite the fact that youngsters may now and again report to know about the significance of expert abilities or they may feel as though they got them, a few writing demonstrates that they despite everything feel as though they are defenseless, missing or ill-equipped to begin working(Cascio Wynn, 2004). It is clear that youngsters frequently report finding the beginning of their first occupation as being extremely scary, uneasiness inciting and overwhelming and would regularly feel that businesses hold a very impracticalprospects of their aptitudes and capacities with respect to their absence of experience. As indicated by Lim, et al., (2016), some youngsters report troubles particularly with regards to altering their expert life particularly as to extended periods of time and levels of obligation that is engaged with their activity. Distinctive writing advocate that instructors ought to have the option to give a great deal of direction to youngsters who are searching for an expert transporters so they can comprehend and manage the uneasiness which they may encounter when they enter work(Macguire et al., 2013). This ought to likewise be meant businesses who need to put forth an attempt to mingle youngsters when they enter workstations just because. Methods of improving youngsters preparation The commitment of youngsters with working environments before they can progress to educationafter business can take another sort of low maintenance work which is joined with study, boss inclusion and work experience which ought to be a piece of their training system(H.Zhao Seibert, 2006). As indicated by Arruada (2004), commitment of youngsters in the work environments before they progress to the post study business will furnish them with a scope of advantages. Graffin, et al. (2011), additionally shows that the delicate aptitudes which are called upon to identify with managers will be best evolved when somebody is at work. It is likewise a typical practice for managers to look for representatives who have some type of work encounters in the picked field(Gandolf, 2008). At the point when a youngster can have some type of situation of work before will make them to have the option to create appropriate aptitudes for business and certainty which will likewise relate to the favorable cir cumstances related with work; they will thus be in a situation to maintain a strategic distance from culture stun which frequently come during the time they start work. Lim, et al. (2016), attests that earlier commitment is significant for them since it improves their post study work possibilities which is secured however post study position prospects, the structuring of their educational plan vitae and furthermore help them to refine their profession choices and pathways. Different investigations in Australia additionally found that organized commitment which is done through school based positions are of more incentive to the youngsters since through this they can upgrade employability that the low maintenance work which normally gives them present moment experience(Deng et al., 2003). At the point when this is contrasted and concentrates in the assembled realm of youngsters it uncovers that most of youngsters who felt that involvement with work is one of the most significant methods through which they can construct employability before they start work. In another report by Evans, et al. (2015), one glances at the scope of components that school un derstudies among other jobless youngsters can embrace work experience.Adrian (2007), in his examination on corporate realities additionally recognized perspectives from youngsters on the inadequacies of such programs(Cooper et al., 2006). This is significant as it rent to the business and support bodies in the nation to create guides which set out how work information ought to be reworked to be increasingly important for the individuals in question. Cascio Wynn (2004) likewise includes that such bodies have additionally started advancing extraordinary connections among organizations and academic establishments by additionally proposing manners by which bosses can have the option to draw in with youngsters in Australia and an increasingly nearby level. Cooper, et al. (2006), additionally profiles a portion of the business projects and activities that are controlled by work markets mediators who are found to improve the work availability of youngsters. Demonstrable skill Issues In his paper on prospective employee meet-ups, Baur, et al. (2013) composed that the youthful work advertise today is at the junction. One needs to approach themselves which components make work for the youthful one of a kind and powerful as ones that will be yielded whenever professionalized. It is additionally imperative to take note of that generally youth laborers have consistently confronted demonstrable skill with a great deal of doubt for different reasons. Some of them come in to work with no conventional capabilities and are worried about the possibility that that polished skill will diminish their chances to carry out their responsibility of which they are attracted to(Chen Lau, 2000)(Chun et al., 2003). Since there is a ton of unavoidable want concerning qualities and practice, there is consistently an extraordinary misconception on the way that the youngsters who have experienced proficient preparing may not take into consideration the whimsical working styles with others. The primary explanation this happens is on the grounds that youthful workers have a propensity of opposing association as they esteem self-rule and development. Graffin, et al. (2011) likewise included that the principle issue for youngsters searching for work just because is on the possibility that they enjoy their job as campaigners of other youth with regards to institutionalism which is frequently taken with a ton of doubt. It is anyway critical to note as adrian (2007) stated, despite the fact that are continually crusading for the enthusiasm of other youngsters,, they may likewise be sseen as utilizing a similar situation to enhance the own status which can be to the detriment of the client. It is additionally essential to comprehend that individuals who push for work among youth should be formalized and normalized, professionalized and should contine to report episodes and different wyas which can't reflect in the best practice which on occasion can be viewed as being exploitative with respect to their practices. Likewise, youthful representatives are additionally observed as being minimized while talking about different territories of work since they need more understanding. In another examination Bryant Kazan (2012), inspected procedures which engaginginstitutes can use to offer help for fledgling specialists and how this is assembled. Among the regions that the investigation focused on included directing a strong enlistments process, administrative help and administrative help, coaching and buddying plans and different techniques for socialization of youthful laborers in the working environment culture. Likewise research shows that there is a disconnection between the necessities of youngsters who enter work and the systems of direction by suppliers. The proce

World War II Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

World War II - Essay Example The war chiefly caused numerous financial outcomes that brought about some influenced nations lingering behind being developed to the degree of not recapturing their monetary force even numerous years after the war. The fundamental inception of this war was the making of the German-Japanese-Italian partnership in the mid 1930s. The development of this coalition was with sole aim of growing their limits by vanquishing their more fragile neighbors. The more seasoned frontier powers, for example, Britain, Holland, and France were not dazzled by this move from their adversaries. Italy and German had gone into the frontier scramble like their adversaries but since they grew late, they came up short on the best regions that were deliberately positioned. The little regions they figured out how to gain didn't fulfill their expanding requests to grow their limits because of the little monetary criticalness that the domains had. Strain excite as the Triple Alliance, Germany, Italy, Japan and Hungary needed to grow their domains using any and all means conceivable regardless of whether it was by overcoming the Triple Entente’s, Britain, France and Russia, regions. The Triple Alliance needed to vanqu ish these domains due monetary reasons. The greater part of these regions were plentiful in minerals, for example, gold, precious stone, and silver. These regions additionally had rich and fruitful terrains that the Triple Alliance acknowledged would be valuable to develop crops that would give crude materials to their industrial facilities (McDonough, 1997). After the First World War, there was a basic breakdown in the universal installments framework. The creation levels in numerous nations fell, hence influencing the universal exchange. Rich minerals, for example, gold was just packed in the possession of the business people countries, for example, Britain, USA, France and their partners. Notwithstanding the way that they had a lot of gold, these particular countries were additionally in charge of significant assets and crude materials everywhere throughout the world. This monetary factor prompted a

Voter Ignorance and the War in Iraq essays

Voter Ignorance and the War in Iraq articles The war in Iraq is seen as being one of the most questionable choices of the US international strategy of the most recent decade. There have been various conversations over the profound quality of the mediation on a sovereign region, without the understanding of the United Nations and, at long last, without a conceivable purpose behind assault. In any case, by 2003, the US drove alliance had entered Iraq under the contention of the presence of the weapons of mass pulverization. In any case, right up 'til the present time, it is a somewhat faulty issue the real presence of the weapons; thusly, there is no full authenticity of the intercession in a sovereign nation. According to the military explanation summoned by the advocates of the war in Iraq, the fear based oppressor danger was additionally an upsetting angle that must be managed at that point. Along these lines, the journey against the Al Qaeda arrange turned into the focal point of the military and political undertakings since the 2003 intrusion of Iraq. In any case, in the American vote based framework, the endorsement of the popular supposition is fundamental for tolerating a specific approach. In the matter of the Iraqi war be that as it may, it tends to be contended that the popular conclusion was fairly deceive and there was a constrained exactness in the introduction of the undeniable realities identified with fear mongering by and large and to Al Qaeda specifically. A significant part was played by the voter obliviousness which permitted legislators to utilize the popular conclusion to further their own potential benefit. Consequently, it tends to be said that the general understa nding of the war in Iraq introduced a twisted picture of a popular conclusion not well educated and deceived trapped in a political fight between the Democrats and the Republicans. So as to have a legitimate comprehension of the manner by which the general feeling and particularly the low enthusiasm for legislative issues from the American voters was utilized in the more extensive condition of legitimizing the war in Iraq and the battle against Al Qaeda, it is imperative to consider a few issues that play... <!

Write Your Book Without Writing a Word! Working with a Ghostwriter to Get Your Book Written - The Writers For Hire

Compose YOUR BOOK WITHOUT WRITING A WORD! WORKING WITH A GHOSTWRITER TO GET YOUR BOOK WRITTEN There’s a genuinely notable saying, ascribed to the powerful columnist, Christopher Hitchens (1949-2011), that states, â€Å"Everyone has a book in them, however by and large that’s where it ought to stay.† Regardless of whether he implied the thought or story isn’t really worth telling, or not every person can recount to the thought or story in a convincing manner, or both, is difficult to state. Numerous individuals accept they have a book inside them simply holding back to come out. You might be one of them. In the event that you have consistently longed for composing a book or seeing your thoughts in print with your name on the spread, yet you aren’t an essayist and don’t know the principal thing about the way toward composing a book, do you have choices? Would you be able to at present observe your book finished and in print with your story written in a convincing, fascinating way? In the event that you are understanding this, you have a book in you and you simply need to realize how to move it from thought to the composed page, all without learning the important composing abilities and the months (even years) it could take to deliver it. Getting Your Book Written The most clear approach to compose your book is to pen it yourself. Composing your book all alone is an extraordinary alternative in the event that you are a hands-on individual and you need full control of your book. In any case, it requires having the expertise, time (a book can take anyplace from a couple of months to a year or more to finish), and want to compose and finish your task. You additionally need to appreciate composing. The advantage of composing your book yourself is surely the pride you gain from achieving the undertaking. It additionally helps fabricate your aptitudes as an essayist and you deal with the words and how the book turns out. It is likewise the most economical course. The option is to enlist another person to compose your book †a professional writer. This is an expert essayist (or gathering of scholars) who will arrange and diagram, compose, and alter your book from start to finish. Secretly composing is an extraordinary choice: you get your book composed by an expert who knows the procedure and will work with you to ensure you get the book you’re imagining. You get your name on the book, and the professional writer assumes no acknowledgment. The most effective method to Hire a Ghostwriter Once you’ve chose to go the secret writing course, the following stage is finding the correct professional writer. Your decision will rely upon a few variables, including your spending plan, course of events, objectives, and even your character and favored working style. There are a few different ways to locate the correct professional writer: 1. Utilize a Freelance Bidding Website There are many independent offering sites where you can enlist anybody for pretty much anything. Journalists are an especially mainstream product on destinations like Upwork, Guru, and even Fiverr. On Upwork alone there are an expected 12 million enlisted specialists (in different businesses, not simply composing) with just an expected 3,000,000 occupations posted every year. Simply type â€Å"ghostwriter† in the pursuit bar and you’ll get a huge number of authors from everywhere throughout the world, prepared to offer on your task to compose your book for you. This alternative permits you to be as required as you need: You can basically give your professional writer a thought and let them go for it, or you can give definite data and course. Utilizing an offering site is a less expensive alternative, with numerous scholars accessible to secretly compose books for as meager as $100. You can pay continuously or by the undertaking, and you can regularly put the task expense into escrow to guarantee the venture will complete or you won’t need to pay, with achievement registration en route. Keep in mind, however, that more often than not you likewise get what you pay for. Quality can be an issue when recruiting independent professional writers from such locales. There is no assurance that the essayist can really compose, or that they can compose your task in the manner you imagine it. There may be progressively restricted contact with the author and you may be recruiting somebody who talks and composes English as a subsequent language. In the event that you pick this choice, it’s critical to play out a touch of due steadiness to ensure that you don’t get a finished result that’s unusable, or needing broad altering and modifying. Continuously check writer’s surveys from past customers and solicitation an essayist with experience familiar with your local language. On the off chance that you need to be progressively included, ensure the essayist is anything but difficult to meet or have contact with. Furthermore, get intermittent updates utilizing the achievement includes on the site, booking to get test sections to survey before going excessively far into the venture. 2. Recruiting a Turnkey Book Writing Service A stage up from an independent offering site, this choice is perfect for individuals who recognize what they need in their book and who can clarify their thoughts unmistakably and without any problem. From this alternative, you have two options. You can deal with a great part of the work yourself by sorting out your data and afterward directing your book into a sound or video recorder. When done, you can hand your account over to an assistance organization; they’ll take your chronicles, interpret them into composed structure, and send you a book. In the event that you’d like to a greater extent a to and fro working relationship, you can enlist a help organization that offers a progressively customized book composing experience. You meet with one of the company’s professional writers and they acquaint themselves with your book thought and the style of book you need. They at that point do top to bottom, recorded meetings with you to not just get all the data you need in your book, yet additionally to get a feeling of your voice. From that point, they translate the data they gathered on sound and alter the accounts, finishing the interpretation of your book into composed structure. Organizations like Scribe Writing or Radius Book Group are instances of this choice. What's more, a portion of these kinds of organizations not just give the meeting, decipher, and give you a composed book, however they will take your completed task entirely through to the design and printing and offer an advertising plan also. Remember, in this procedure, the administration organization is fundamentally interpreting the words you express with insignificant or constrained altering or amending. 3. Recruiting a Professional Ghostwriter The third choice for composing your book is to employ an independent professional writer. An independent professional writer is a solitary individual, devoted to your book. The correct match with a decent professional writer, can be a compensating experience, and the course of action conveys a specific measure of sentimentalism. Famous people, political figures, competitors and VIPs from varying backgrounds are known to recruit professional writers to compose their diaries or collections of memoirs. Great specialists can be persevering and devoted to your undertaking. Tragically, different specialists can be whimsical and irritable if things don’t head out in their own direction, and you won’t fundamentally realize that until further not far off in your new relationship †at times following many long periods of meetings. While picking your specialist, a great tip: A freelancer’s capacity to offer themselves to you has little to do with their capacity to compose your book. Along these lines, don’t seize the one that sounds the best basically in light of the fact that the person gave you a decent spiel. Call their references. Without legitimate due persistence, you can contribute a great deal of time and cash before discovering the essayist doesn’t fit your task or your own working style. Another tip: Be certain to ask how much time they can give to your book, and in the event that they have had achievement totally extends on cutoff time before. Recall that when you recruit an individual, you are at the impulse of their course of events. While some individual professional writers invest the greater part of their energy composing, others may think of it as low maintenance work, which means your task should work around their life. Then again, if your author gets by secretly composing, you may need to sit tight for an opening in their timetable and, after its all said and done they might be shuffling you and a few different tasks which can make for a long procedure. 4. Recruiting a Ghostwriting Company On the off chance that you need an additional hands-on involvement in more choices, employing a secret writing organization may be the best decision for you. You will even now have the chance to build up a one-on-one relationship with your essayist (complete with visit face to face meets), however you’ll likewise have the wellbeing net of organization the executives if an issue ever emerges. Furthermore, with a senior supervisor accessible for all phases of your book, those nearest to the book (you and your professional writer) will consistently get target publication input. At the point when you are done, the firm will counsel on the entirety of your accessible distributing choices †from conventional distributing to print-on-request benefits †so you can pick the alternative that is best for your story. A secret writing organization takes into consideration the capacity to â€Å"go where the undertaking takes you,† in a manner that might be troublesome with another composing model.Tweet this Need to examine many photographs? Need to find hard-to-arrive at master hotspots for interviews? Perhaps you need ancestry followed back to 10 ages, or you are resolved to discover a needle-in-the-sheaf inquire about thing just accessible on microfilm. You may require a group to figure out many pages of old lawful and clinical archives, sequentially sort each bit of material, cross reference it against point classes and refer to everything. Quality clandestine writing organizations are accustomed to accepting out-of-the boxrequests, and they have the labor to get them going, without diverting from your book’s progress. At long last, in light of the fact that a composing group can share the remaining burden, secretly composing organizations can frequently take on surge extends and look after quality, such that is just unthinkable for a limited show. On the off chance that you’re searching for mindful, white-glov

News Analysis

This article via Caren Bohan is entitled â€Å"Clinton, Obama get ready for the fight to come in Wisconsin.† The newsworthiness of the piece has been dictated by the way that it quickly concerns the American individuals. It additionally includes proximate issues that have to do with the up-coming presidential races and is worried about the choice of the two people who will compete for the administration later in this year. The contention level of the circumstance is high. Hilary Clinton, who had been in the number one spot for the equitable nomination, has now lost that lead as Obama has as of late won in eight states in succession (Bohan 2008). The story, found on a Canadian site (Canada.com) is set on the planet news segment as a high-need story. This has been controlled by the way that as a nearby neighbor who shares an outskirt, the political news that exceptionally concerns United States residents is additionally of incredible worry to the perusers of this news site. The feature is clear and to the point, delineating decisively the following stage in the fight between the two competitors. The picture of Barack Obama is found inside the article, and is very much put at the top. Another picture, one of Hilary Clinton, is additionally promptly open by tapping on joins related with â€Å"more pictures† (Bohan, 2008). The candidates’ business in Wisconsin is given in detail, yet just Hilary Clinton is carefully cited in the article, as it was demonstrated that Obama attempted to evade the press. Be that as it may, citations are given concerning Obama’s business as recognized by his representative Bill Burton. The general effect of the story is that Obama’s ubiquity in the United States is reinforcing, leaving Hilary Clinton feeling compromised. The journalists allude to her unequivocally engaging for the assistance of a portion of her supporters, and suggest that her announcement â€Å"I’m feeling great today† speaks to a camouflage of her nervousness. Since this popularity based race speaks to a significant political occasion, it tends to be seen that care is taken to give inside and out examination of the candidates’ positions and what that may mean for their possibilities. The story likewise had an eye to the future, with expectations made (or proposed) about up-coming and related political occasions. This exhibits the effect that the result of this significant political occasion is probably going to have on the fate of America. Reference Bohan, Caren. â€Å"Clinton, Obama get ready for the fight to come in Wisconsin.† Canada.com: where  â points of view associate. Canwest Publishing.

New Student Photo Series 2010 Entry #12 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

New Student Photo Series 2010 â€" Entry #12 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Dear incoming students, please continue to send in photos.   Last summer we had close to 100 entries and I would like to eclipse that this year if possible.   So if you have not submitted photos yet, please do so.   Instructions on how to submit are here. ___________________________ The first set of photos come from Ethan Wilkes, an incoming focusing in Economic and Political Development. ___________________________ At the feet of the Great Leader North Koreans of all walks of life are required to pay their respects to the late Kim Il Sung, President for life of the DPRK (a title which he continues to retain well into death). Here is a group of schoolgirls doing exactly that at the feet of a VERY large statue of him. Chinas Wild West in the area known as Kham, traditionally the eastern frontier of Tibet and now the whole of western Sichuan Province, a monk, two cowboys and a Han settler share a drink. Yours truly defying a bit of gravity myself in the wilds of western China. ___________________________ The next set of photos is from Nathan Gardner, an incoming MIA student. ___________________________ Taken in Autumn of 2007 during Chuseok (Korean Thanksgiving) holiday in South Korea.   I took this picture in Kangwa Island during a temple stay.   The stone guardian is for a nearby burial mound and in the background is a traditional Korean house with a gate and surrounding wall. This type of housing is rare for South Koreans because most live in high rise apartments in urban areas. During the Spring of 2009 in Washington, DC I took this while volunteering with the Japan-America Society during the Sakura Matsuri and National Cherry Blossom Festival.   The performer in the middle is a dancing lion accompanied by a flute player and narration. While backpacking through South East Asia in the Winter of 2008 I took this photo in Laos.   Located on the top of Phu Si, which is a tall steep hill in the center of and overlooking the old capital of Luang Prabang.   This was a creative way to use US ordnance from the 1960s-70s.

Justins Journey Med Student Blogger Interview

Justin Rieth Next up in our series of featured med school bloggers is Justin, a rising first year med student and the author of the blog, My Pre-Medical Transformation. Enjoy Justins thoughtful answers and use them to help you make your way through the med school admissions process. Accepted: First, can you tell us a little about yourself – where are you from, where did you go to  school and when did you graduate; and what prior degrees do you hold? Justin: My name is Justin Rieth, and I was born and raised in Kalamazoo, Michigan. I  graduated from Hope College in  2007  with degrees in Physics and Spanish with  a Math minor. After deciding to pursue a career as a doctor, I went back to  school for the premed requirements and ended up adding a Chemistry major in  the process. I will be starting my first year of med school in the fall of 2012  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ hopefully  graduating in the class of  2016! Accepted: Why did you decide to pursue medicine at this stage in your life? Justin: Get comfortable – this is a doozy of a question for me!  Believe it or not, when I was an undergraduate student (the  first  time around) I  thought you couldnt be a doctor without being a premed major. During my junior year  I had a significant experience involving a staff member on  campus with whom I was on a first-name basis.  One day I stopped in to say hello and found her sitting in her office chair alone, wracked by an intense, full-body seizure. She had no control of her muscles and could only  speak enough to grunt out, N-N-N-NEED S-S-S-SUGAR. I sprinted back into the  hall where there were other students and started shouting at the top of my  lungs,  Everyone, LISTEN! Anyone with anything sugary – juice, pop, ANYTHING I need you to bring it here  right now, theres a woman having a seizure!  I ran back into her office with a  few other students, helping her gulp down apple juice and orange pop as  quickly as students could bring it. When we started to run out, I began directing others to get more from the vending machine in the hallway. The seizures subsided after several minutes and everything turned out just fine. However, in that moment I saw something in myself that I hadnt seen before: an ability to effectively take control and direct a situation for the good of someone in need. I began to seek out experiences in the healthcare environment even though I thought it was too late for me to become a doctor. I obtained a six-month internship shadowing Spanish-English medical interpreters at the local hospital, and couldnt help but think as I watched the doctors,  I think I could do that – and I wouldnt need an interpreter. I could interact directly with the patients  At the time though, I just wanted to do what I could, and that meant pursuing a job as an interpreter. After college, I worked for a time as a medical interpreter in a gynecologists office, but for financial reasons soon had to leave that position for a full-time position in Human Resources with a local company. It wasnt until two years later that I got married and learned from my wife (whose brother-in-law had been a non-traditional medical school applicant and was then in his residency) that you could go back and get the credits necessary for medical school  without being a premed major first! I knew that I wouldnt be satisfied with a regular desk job, and I couldnt see myself pursuing graduate school for Physics or Spanish. I knew from loads of volunteer experience teaching English as a Second Language (ESL) classes that I love working with and helping people, but I knew from my research experience in Nuclear Physics that I love using my analytical and scientific abilities to solve problems and learn new things. In the end, I decided to pursue medicine because theres no other career that I could see as even coming close in terms of a potential for personal satisfaction. It was, hands down, the absolute best thing I could do with my life. Everything I want from a career – helping and working with people, using science, constantly learning new things, and using my foreign language abilities – can be found in abundance in a career as a doctor. Accepted: How many med schools did you apply to? Why did you choose Michigan State Universitys  College of Human Medicine? Justin: I applied to fifteen different schools, but from very early in the process MSU CHM was my top choice.  One of the most attractive attributes of MSU CHM was their strong belief in a patient-centered view of medicine. They teach students to view patients not just as sick people, but as people with  unique backgrounds, cultures, and family histories. MSU CHM believes so strongly in this approach that they have designed their entire curriculum around it. For the third and fourth years (the clinical years) students attend one of six different clinical campuses around the state. The clinical campuses are set up to serve the unique populations in their area, and students are taught that understanding where a patient comes from and how they think is just as important as understanding the biochemistry of their illness. The more I learned about MSU CHM, the more I wanted to be there. Theres also the cooperative nature of the students. Before the semester even began, our class formed a Facebook group to start getting to know each other. A member of the class ahead of ours contacted our group through Facebook and shared a public Dropbox account absolutely  loaded  with materials from the previous year. Study guides, outlines, tips and tricks, you name it, it was all in there. They had received a similar package from the class ahead of them and had added to it throughout their year, passing everything along to us out of a wholehearted desire to help. In case you dont know, this is not an incredibly common thing in medical schools. Too often, the med school atmosphere is one of ruthless competition. Fortunately, this is not the case at MSU CHM.   Accepted: Do you have any advice for our med school applicants? Justin: Always, always, ALWAYS keep in mind your reasons for applying to med school. The application process is extremely arduous, but its by design. We dont want doctors who are in it for the wrong reasons. We want individuals who truly care, deep down, about the  why  behind the what  of practicing medicine. When you are sick of reviewing for the MCAT, take a break and really think about why youre studying so hard and taking practice tests on Saturday mornings for months on end. When you get discouraged about how long it takes just to apply to med school, know that theres nothing wrong with you. Absolutely everyone feels this way at some point; its completely normal! Just do your best to muscle through, and make sure you take breaks. Theres no use in burning yourself out before you even start med school. Keep your head down, and youll be starting med school before you know it Accepted: Why did you decide to start blogging?   Justin: I started blogging out of a personal desire to have something to look back at to help me remember the process and my motivation during the various stages. As depicted in the title of my blog, the process of becoming a doctor is a very unique kind of transformation. No other career changes you as profoundly as does a career in medicine. Unfortunately, all too often you hear of doctors losing motivation, becoming disenchanted with their profession and the work that they do. I am not so naive as to believe that this will never, ever happen to me, so I wanted to do what I could to forestall this effect. I wanted to start writing down my thoughts along the way, recording my life as I went so that I could look back on the posts and  remember.   Over time, the blogging thing became a way to connect with other people going through the same thing. It also became a way to help friends and loved ones stay up to date on my life, as the whole working full-time while going to school in the mornings and volunteering at night deal tends to get pretty busy. Lastly, as I gradually became someone who had some answers instead of just questions, it became a way for me to help other students coming after me in the process. Ive been able to answer countless questions (many of which were questions that I had when I was just starting this process) from people that wouldnt have found me if it werent for the blog. Accepted: Can you give us some info on your store? What do you sell and how successful have you  been? Justin: When I started studying for the MCAT, I had no clue how to do it. There was so much information in so many subjects, many of which I hadnt touched in five or more years, I didnt even know where to start. I didnt have the time or the money to take an MCAT review course. My life was so busy, I was constantly having to study on the go. I ended up using an iPad to keep track of everything, and it worked great. While preparing for the MCAT, I searched all over for quality, affordable digital flashcards that I could take with me and study on the iPad. I couldnt carry around thousands of paper flashcards everywhere I went, and the quality of what I found already available for the iPad left me wanting. As I read books, studied old quizzes, and reviewed old class notes, I took new notes and created 3,499 digital flashcards in Biology, Physics, Inorganic Chemistry, and Organic Chemistry. My cards are designed to be used with the Mental Case software for the iPad, iPhone, iPod Touch, and Mac OS X. I used them in conjunction with study books and practice tests to prepare for the MCAT, raising my practice score by eight points over a few months before taking the actual test. After using my cards to get into med school, I decided to make them available to other students by selling them through my blog. I did everything I could to keep the price low. Even though I would have gladly paid $50 for the quantity and quality of what I created, I knew that not every student would be able to afford that. I currently sell my cards for $5 per subject, or $17 for all 3,499 cards. This works out to a price of $0.0049 per card, many of which include hand-drawn (and scanned) or digitally-drawn diagrams and reactions. In terms of success, more students have already downloaded and used my cards than I ever would have imagined. Ive received great feedback from users so far. Its incredibly encouraging to hear positive things from people who have been helped by what I created. I expect the cards to continue to help premed students for a long time to come, and I plan on adding the cards that I create during med school to the store as well. Hopefully, future students will find them every bit as beneficial as I have. Do you want to be featured in Accepted.coms blog, Accepted Admissions Blog? If you want to share your med school journey with the world (or at least with our readers), email us at bloggers@accepted.com. Working on your medical school or residency application? Learn how Accepted.com can help you polish your application so it shines!      Accepted.com ~ Helping You Write Your Best

Stakeholder Analysis The Fox School Of Business Of...

Stakeholder Analysis An area that has received ample criticism has been educational business institutions, specifically MBA’s, having too much emphasis on profit maximization and bottom-line that benefit stockholders rather stakeholders. With the economy in a frenzy and so many financial firms in free fall, analysts, and even educators, wonder if the way business students are taught may have contributed to the economic crisis (Holland 2009). With all the accusations being made about the legitimacy of business schools, the Fox School of Business of Temple University, must be sure to keep all of its important and influential stakeholders as one of their top priorities. A stakeholder is an individual or group that is affected by the actions of a business. Being a stakeholder can happen by choosing such as, becoming an employee of a business, or by chance such as, living in the same municipal as another business that has an impact on the community. In general, a person or busines s has a stake in something because of interest, right or ownership of it. As the Fox School of Business must have hundreds of stakeholders, the following is a general list of major stakeholders. The Board of Directors is the group of members who jointly oversee the activities of the Fox Business School. This board holds the power of final authorizations of policies and governance the university stands by. The Board of Directors invest a great deal of their time, money and efforts to see thatShow MoreRelatedFundamental Financial Accounting Concepts13807 Words   |  56 PagesEighth Edition Fundamental Financial Accounting Concepts Thomas P. Edmonds University of Alabama–Birmingham Frances M. McNair Mississippi State University Philip R. Olds Virginia Commonwealth University Edward E. Milam Mississippi State University (Contributing Author) FUNDAMENTAL FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING CONCEPTS Published by McGraw-Hill/Irwin, a business unit of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY, 10020. Copyright  © 2013, 2011, 2008, 2006Read MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 PagesContemporary Issues in Management Accounting This page intentionally left blank Contemporary Issues in Management Accounting Edited by ALNOOR BHIMANI 1 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford ox2 6dp Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne MexicoRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesstudents (and indeed others who should know better) to trivialize this very problematic and challenging subject. This is not the case with the present book. This is a book that deserves to achieve a wide readership. Professor Stephen Ackroyd, Lancaster University, UK This new textbook usefully situates organization theory within the scholarly debates on modernism and postmodernism, and provides an advanced introduction to the heterogeneous study of organizations, including chapters on phenomenology, criticalRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 PagesLeadership Chapter 2 Organization Strategy and Project Selection 1.4 Projects and programs (.2) 1.4.1 Managing the portfolio 1.4.3 Strategy and projects 2.3 Stakeholders and review boards 12.1 RFP’s and vendor selection (.3.4.5) 11.2.2.6 SWAT analysis 6.5.2.7 Schedule compression 9.4.2.5 Leadership skills G.1 Project leadership 10.1 Stakeholder management Chapter 11 Teams Chapter 3 Organization: Structure and Culture 2.4.1 Organization cultures [G.7] 2.4.2 Organization structure [9Read MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 Pagespreparation of the manuscript. Strategic Marketing Management Planning, implementation and control Third edition Richard M.S. Wilson Emeritus Professor of Business Administration The Business School Loughborough University and Colin Gilligan Professor of Marketing Sheffield Hallam University and Visiting Professor, Northumbria University AMSTERDAM †¢ BOSTON †¢ HEIDELBERG †¢ LONDON †¢ NEW YORK †¢ OXFORD PARIS †¢ SAN DIEGO †¢ SAN FRANCISCO †¢ SINGAPORE †¢ SYDNEY †¢ TOKYO Elsevier Butterworth-HeinemannRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesYour WileyPLUS Account Manager Training and implementation support www.wileyplus.com/accountmanager MAKE IT YOURS! Fundamentals of Human Resource Management Tenth Edition David A. DeCenzo Coastal Carolina University Conway, SC Stephen P. Robbins San Diego State University San Diego, CA Tenth Edition Contributor Susan L. Verhulst Des Moines Area Community College Ankeny, IA John Wiley Sons, Inc. Associate Publisher Executive Editor Senior Editoral Assistant Marketing Manager

Marketing Analysis Marketing Management - 1674 Words

402C-2: MARKETING METRICS INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT 1 Submitted to: Professor Rakesh Niraj Submitted by: Amber Shukla Case Western Reserve University Summer 2015 1. (a) Marketers should become data driven because: †¢ To know the impact of marketing investment: With the help of an accurate data, one can predict the output or significant and measurable performance impact in future of marketing investments made today. This helps in predicting whether the marketing plan is worth investing in or not and can save millions of dollars for a company. †¢ How much marketing investment to make: If the predicted financial revenues of the marketing plan is known, one can decide the maximum budget or investment to make in the plan. †¢ To formulate a†¦show more content†¦Also, if there is a lack of data due to privacy concerns, it is again a big challenge for the marketers to measure the efficacy of what they do. To face this obstacle, B2B companies need to educate the value partners derive from sharing data, as also protecting the identity of customers when channel partners share their data. Loyalty programs or web based portals, surveys and focus groups as a means to provide incentives for customers can be an honest way forward. †¢ Lack of Infrastructure to do data driven marketing: There are specialized tools and softwares to analyze big data which can be expensive. Also, skilled manpower is required to play and make sense of such big data. So, at times, companies have to invest a lot in terms of money and time to become data driven. To face this obstacle, advance campaign planning is required. MS Excel and SAS JMP can be useful to start. For current purchases, real-time analysis would be required. †¢ People and Change: Cultural resistance to change as a need to incentivize these initiatives is a way forward to effective change management. To avoid accountability and a mindset â€Å"marketing is creative and imposing metrics will kill the creativity† always go against marketing metrics. (c) To overcome the obstacles given above, the points can be summarized as follows: †¢ Focusing on collecting right relevant data and create momentum by scoring easy win †¢ Conduct smallShow MoreRelatedMarketing Analysis : Marketing Management1451 Words   |  6 Pagesstanding up to the marketing supervisor. A set of associations in every space go after the dependability of the focused on business sector; the consumers/citizens are the decision makers, with their decision normally suggesting some level of responsibility; and the channels of correspondence and influence are practically vague† (Mauser, 1983). 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It is the top class wrist watch that first smelting precious metals and natural rubber raw materials for the brand in Switzerland.it have caused a revolution in clocks and watches when HublotRead MoreMarketing Analysis : Business Management979 Words   |  4 PagesFranchising refers to the franchisors in a form of contract that allows franchisees to be compensation for the use of its name, trademarks, and proprietary technology, product and operation management, in other business activities and business models. (Siebert, 2004) In the 80s, few German ale brewers authorized rights to some taverns, in order to promote their products. The license then spread out of the Europe, to the United States and even the whole world. That was the beginning of franchising

Review Of Extraordinary Conditions Culture And...

Janis Jenkins’ Extraordinary Conditions: Culture and Experience in Mental Illness focuses on mental illness in a holistic context. She discusses the importance of studying it as a â€Å"social, economic, and political conditions of adversity that pose threats to social and psychic integrating, mental health, and well-being...† (Jenkins 12). She calls these factors spectrums of mental illness. Jenkins categorizes aspects of mental illness into numerous themes: â€Å"...bodily sensation, toxicity, clarity, and velocity of thought, balance, control, discipline, identity, normality, and daily life† (Jenkins 58). Her belief is that all of these factors are woven together to make up the subjective definition of mental illness. My argument is that although these factors are intertwined, all of them are not equally important. I believe control is the most important factor in analyzing and treating mental illness. Patients will not experience successful treatment if they feel as if they cannot take control of their disease, or feel like the disease is controlling them. Jenkins interviews many patients regarding their mental illnesses and most of their responses touch upon feeling a loss of control on some level. Without a feeling of self or situational control, treatment will not be successful, and researchers will have a harder time understanding how patients are feeling when they describe their experiences. Patients want to get better and improve their condition, but if they do not feel likeShow MoreRelatedHuman Health And Coping Styles Of Migrant And Non Migrant Women1423 Words   |  6 PagesMigration is a complex phenomena in which a person is moved forcibly from his home to some remote place leading to unprecedented changes in his physical and mental health. The present study was aimed to assess the mental health and coping styles of migrant and non-migrant women in Jammu and Kashmir. 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Physics Of A Microwave Oven - 1480 Words

Physics of a Microwave Southeast Missouri State University PH106-01 Instructor: Dr. Jian Peng Submitted By: Natalie Gladbach The microwave, also known as a microwave oven, was seemingly a breakthrough in technology in the early 1940’s that allowed whole meals to be prepared in minutes. The idea of the microwave was created by a man named Percy Spencer. Mr. Spencer developed the plans based on radar technology breakthroughs from World War II. The microwave was originally named the Radarange and first hit store fronts in 1946. The Radarange did not sell to well as they were rather large and bulky for regular home use. In 1955 a company known as Tappan created a new version but even that version was too big and expensive. In 1967 the Amana Corporation introduced the first countertop microwave oven and since the microwave has become the most used kitchen appliance in the world. The Microwave oven is known to heat or reheat previously cooked foods by exposing the food to microwave radiation in the electromagnetic spectrum. This activates polar molecules in the food to rotat e and produce thermal energy. This is a process known as dielectric heating. Consequently, the food is heated quickly and efficiently. Food that is spread out and has higher water content will cook faster and more thoroughly than food which is denser. In order for food to be cooked in a microwave oven, microwaves must pass through the food. Thus, the name microwave. Microwaves are electromagneticShow MoreRelatedThe Microwave Oven Is More Than Just For Cooking Foods1355 Words   |  6 PagesThe microwave oven is much more than just for cooking foods. 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It literally controls how our reality operates and how our existence came to be in this universe, it actually it what made our universe. When you think about physics you probably think about friction and forces but it is a much broader idea. Physics is what controls how the atoms that make up everything work with each other to formRead MorePlain And Simple, We Need Heat1599 Words   |  7 Pages2012). Energy is always transferred from an object with higher temperature to one with lower temperature, and this transference of energy as heat will continue until both of the objects have reached the same temperature. An easy example that most physics books and professors talk about is the ice and the water. The ice melts in the water (transferring energy) until the water has reached the same temperature. On the other hand, there are three common ways of heat transfer: conduction, convection, andRead MoreWhat Factors Affect Am and F m Radio Reception?2078 Words   |  9 Pagesfrequency band. Aim To test if - a TV; a microwave oven in use; a mobile phone making a phone call; a TV remote control; water surrounding the aerial; a thin-metal box; an incandescent light bulb; a fluorescent light bulb – causes interference with AM and FM radio reception. Hypothesis I think that a TV will affect AM reception, but not FM reception, because TV’s will give off electrical pulses which will interfere with AM radio, but not FM. I think that a microwave oven being used next to a radio will affectRead MoreThe Sun Was The Main One Essay963 Words   |  4 Pagescooking at home, has used oven mitts before. Emily knew by wearing oven mitts, you can touch hot objects without getting burnt. 10. The interviewee’s response with examples of energy conversion into heat was concrete. 1. Emily: â€Å"Heat is hot air. Heat can make us warm. Heat can help us cook. It can come from the sun† Emily does not know heat is a form of energy. â€Å"Heat is the flow of energy from a high temperature location to a low temperature location† (The Physics Classroom, 2015). 2. Emily:Read MoreOne application of magnetic fields in household appliances.3425 Words   |  14 PagesOne thing that uses magnetic fields is the electric motor, which is used in many household appliances, such as electric fans, microwave ovens, and other small appliances. In this instance the electric motor has an electric current, giving it also this magnetic field. An electric motor converts electricity into mechanical motion. Most electric motors work by electromagnetism, but motors based on electrostatic forces also exist. The overarching concept is that a force is generated when a current-carryingRead MoreWireless Technologies1097 Words   |  5 Pagesproducts has increased as new applications for the technology are realized. 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Food Retail in Europe Free Essays

INDUSTRY PROFILE Food Retail in Europe Reference Code: 0201-2058 Publication Date: June 2010 www. datamonitor. com Datamonitor USA 245 Fifth Avenue 4th Floor New York, NY 10016 USA t: +1 212 686 7400 f: +1 212 686 2626 e: usinfo@datamonitor. We will write a custom essay sample on Food Retail in Europe or any similar topic only for you Order Now com Datamonitor Europe 119 Farringdon Road London EC1R 3DA United Kingdom t: +44 20 7551 9000 f: +44 20 7675 7500 e: eurinfo@datamonitor. com Datamonitor Middle East and North America Datamonitor PO Box 24893 Dubai, UAE t: +49 69 9754 4517 f: +49 69 9754 4900 e: datamonitormena@ datamonitor. om Datamonitor Asia Pacific Level 46, 2 Park Street Sydney, NSW 2000 Australia t: +61 2 8705 6900 f: +61 2 8705 6901 e: apinfo@datamonitor. com Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Market value The European food retail industry grew by 8. 5% in 2009 to reach a value of $1,663. 1 billion. Market value forecast In 2014, the European food retail industry is forecast to have a value of $2,477. billion, an increase of 49% since 2009. Market segmentation I Hypermarkets, supermarkets, and discounters sales proved the most lucrative for the European food re tail industry in 2009, with total revenues of $798. 5 billion, equivalent to 48% of the industry’s overall value. Market segmentation II Germany accounts for 14. 1% of the European food retail industry value. Market rivalry The industry is becoming consolidated with large chain supermarkets or hypermarkets wielding more power over smaller specialty, luxury or organic food outlets. Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 2 CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY MARKET OVERVIEW Market definition Research highlights Market analysis MARKET VALUE MARKET SEGMENTATION I MARKET SEGMENTATION II FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS Summary Buyer power Supplier power New entrants Substitutes Rivalry LEADING COMPANIES Metro AG Carrefour S. A. Lidl Dienstleistung Tesco PLC MARKET FORECASTS Market value forecast APPENDIX Methodology Industry associations Related Datamonitor research Disclaimer 2 7 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 13 15 17 18 19 20 21 21 25 29 30 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 3 CONTENTS ABOUT DATAMONITOR Premium Reports Summary Reports Datamonitor consulting 38 38 38 38 Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 4 CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Table 2: Table 3: Table 4: Table 5: Table 6: Table 7: Table 8: Table 9: Table 10: Table 11: Table 12: Table 13: Table 14: Table 15: Table 16: Table 17: Europe food retail industry value: $ billion, 2005–09(e) Europe food retail industry segmentation I:% share, by value, 2009(e) Europe food retail industry segmentation II: % share, by v alue, 2009(e) Metro AG: key facts Metro AG: key financials ($) Metro AG: key financials (â‚ ¬) Metro AG: key financial ratios Carrefour S. A. : key facts Carrefour S. A. : key financials ($) Carrefour S. A. : key financials (â‚ ¬) Carrefour S. A. : key financial ratios Lidl Dienstleistung: key facts Tesco PLC: key facts Tesco PLC: key financials ($) Tesco PLC: key financials (? ) Tesco PLC: key financial ratios Europe food retail industry value forecast: $ billion, 2009–14 10 11 12 21 22 22 23 25 27 27 27 29 30 31 31 32 34 Europe – Food Retail Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 5 CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Figure 2: Figure 3: Figure 4: Figure 5: Figure 6: Figure 7: Europe food retail industry value: $ billion, 2005–09(e) Europe food retail industry segmentation I:% share, by value, 2009(e) Europe food retail industry segmentation II: % share, by value, 2009(e) Forces driving ompetition in the food retail industry in Europe, 2009 Drivers of buyer power in the food retail industry in Europe, 2009 Drivers of supp lier power in the food retail industry in Europe, 2009 Factors influencing the likelihood of new entrants in the food retail industry in Europe, 2009 Factors influencing the threat of substitutes in the food retail industry in Europe, 2009 Drivers of degree of rivalry in the food retail industry in Europe, 2009 Metro AG: revenues profitability Metro AG: assets liabilities Carrefour S. A. : revenues profitability Carrefour S. A. : assets liabilities Tesco PLC: revenues profitability Tesco PLC: assets liabilities Europe food retail industry value forecast: $ billion, 2009–14 10 11 12 13 15 17 18 19 20 23 24 28 28 32 33 34 Figure 8: Figure 9: Figure 10: Figure 11: Figure 12: Figure 13: Figure 14: Figure 15: Figure 16: Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 6 MARKET OVERVIEW MARKET OVERVIEW Market definition The food retail market includes the retail sales of all food products, both packaged and unpackaged, as well as beverages (including retail sales of all alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages). All on-trade sales of food and beverage are excluded. All currency conversions are calculated at constant average 2009 exchange rates. For the purposes of this report, Europe consists of Western Europe and Eastern Europe. Western Europe comprises Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. Eastern Europe comprises the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Russia, and Ukraine. Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 7 MARKET OVERVIEW Research highlights The European food retail industry had total revenue of $1,663. 1 billion in 2009, representing a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7. 4% for the period spanning 2005-2009. Hypermarkets, supermarkets, and discounters sales proved the most lucrative for the European food retail industry in 2009, with total revenues of $798. 5 billion, equivalent to 48% of the industry’s overall value. The performance of the industry is forecast to accelerate, with an anticipated CAGR of 8. % for the fiveyear period 2009-2014, which is expected to drive the industry to a value of $2,477. 4 billion by the end of 2014. Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 8 MARKET OVERVIEW Market analysis The European f ood retail industry has experienced very strong growth in recent years and the forecast is for this to gently accelerate towards 2014. The European food retail industry had total revenue of $1,663. 1 billion in 2009, representing a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7. 4% for the period spanning 2005-2009. In comparison, the German and UK industries grew with CAGRs of 2. 1% and 4. 2% respectively, over the same period, to reach respective values of $234. 8 billion and $186. 1 billion in 2009. Hypermarkets, supermarkets, and discounters sales proved the most lucrative for the European food retail industry in 2009, with total revenues of $798. 5 billion, equivalent to 48% of the industry’s overall value. In comparison, convenience stores and gas stations generated sales of $381. 3 billion in 2009, equating to 22. 9% of the industry’s aggregate revenues. The performance of the industry is forecast to accelerate, with an anticipated CAGR of 8. % for the fiveyear period 2009-2014, which is expected to drive the industry to a value of $2,477. 4 billion by the end of 2014. Comparatively, the German and UK industries will grow with CAGRs of 2. 5% and 3. 4% respectively, over the same period, to reach respective values of $265. 5 billion and $219. 4 billion in 2014. Europe  œ Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 9 MARKET VALUE MARKET VALUE The European food retail industry grew by 8. 5% in 2009 to reach a value of $1,663. 1 billion. The compound annual growth rate of the industry in the period 2005–09 was 7. 4%. Table 1: Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009(e) CAGR: 2005–09 Source: Datamonitor Europe food retail industry value: $ billion, 2005–09(e) $ billion 1,248. 6 1,321. 6 1,412. 4 1,533. 3 1,663. 1 â‚ ¬ billion 897. 9 950. 4 1,015. 8 1,102. 7 1,196. 1 % Growth 5. 8 6. 9 8. 6 8. 5 7. 4% DATAMONITOR Figure 1: Europe food retail industry value: $ billion, 2005–09(e) Source: Datamonitor DATAMONITOR Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 10 MARKET SEGMENTATION I MARKET SEGMENTATION I Hypermarket, Supermarket, Discounters is the largest segment of the food retail industry in Europe, accounting for 48% of the industry’s total value. The convenience stores gas stations segment accounts for a further 22. 9% of the industry. Table 2: Category Hypermarket, Supermarket, Discounters Convenience Stores Gas Stations Food and Drinks Specialists Drug Stores Health and Beauty Stores Cash Carries Warehouse Clubs Other Total Source: Datamonitor Europe food retail industry segmentation I:% share, by value, 2009(e) % Share 48. 0% 22. 9% 14. 9% 3. 4% 1. 4% 9. 4% 100% DATAMONITOR Figure 2: Europe food retail industry segmentation I:% share, by value, 2009(e) Source: Datamonitor DATAMONITOR Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 11 MARKET SEGMENTATION II MARKET SEGMENTATION II Germany accounts for 14. 1% of the European food retail industry value. France accounts for a further 13. 5% of the European industry. Table 3: Category Germany France Italy United Kingdom Spain Rest of Europe Total Source: Datamonitor Europe food retail industry segmentation II: % share, by value, 2009(e) % Share 14. % 13. 5% 12. 2% 11. 2% 7. 8% 41. 1% 100% DATAMONITOR Figure 3: Europe food retail industry segmentation II: % share, by value, 2009(e) Source: Datamonitor DATAMONITOR Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 12 FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS The food retail market will be analyzed taking supermarkets, hypermarkets and specialist retailers as players. The key buyers will be taken as end-consumers, and food manufacturers, farmers, agricultural co-operatives as the key suppliers. Summary Figure 4: Forces driving competition in the food retail industry in Europe, 2009 Source: Datamonitor DATAMONITOR The industry is becoming consolidated with large chain supermarkets or hypermarkets wielding more power over smaller specialty, luxury or organic food outlets. In our analysis of the global food retail industry, retailers such as supermarkets, hypermarkets, and specialist outlets, will be taken as industry players and end-consumers will be understood as buyers. With a range of different players within the industry, the size and financial strength of each varies accordingly. With consumers generally facing no substantial switching costs, this buyer mobility forces larger retailers to maintain attractive pricing schemes. Specialist, luxury, or organic retailers do not face the same price sensitivity due to the unique level of product differentiation, yet due to the nature of such products, they exist more as niche markets and are not able to secure a large volume of consumers. Specialist outlets may have no choice but to commit to long term supplier contracts in order to secure a steady supply of quality or specially prepared products. Whereas, supermarkets and hypermarkets have a higher number of options and can hold looser relationships with a larger number of suppliers. Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 13 FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS Where branded products attract loyal consumers, the distribution channel for manufacturers is protected and retailers face pressure to stock the popular items. With established supermarkets and hypermarkets present, potential new entrants may struggle to compete with aggressive marketing and pricing policies. Nonetheless, relatively low entry and exit costs within the industry and the emergence of thriving health and ethical niches offer examples of possible niches in which new entrants may flourish sheltered from direct competition with current players. Food service (takeaways, vendors and restaurants) can be seen as a substitute to food retail products however for the vast majority of people it currently exists as an occasional accompaniment rather than a wholesale alternative. Subsistence farming is a more direct substitute, sometimes replacing standard retail behavior outright, yet it is no longer common. The absence of switching costs for consumers ensures a competitive climate within the food retail industry. Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 14 FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS Buyer power Figure 5: Drivers of buyer power in the food retail industry in Europe, 2009 Source: Datamonitor DATAMONITOR Retailers range widely in size with large chain supermarkets or hypermarkets such as Tesco and Metro AG wielding power over smaller specialty, luxury or organic food outlets whose grip on the industry is significant but currently limited. Accordingly, the financial muscle of industry players differs depending on the type of player. The sheer volume of potential customers in key areas of the food retail industry diminishes the standing of any individual customer. The revenue generated by any particular consumer is minimal, but collectively they represent wider consumer interests and retailers cannot afford to disregard the sensitivities of buyers. Price and convenience are two central concerns however they are not necessarily the principle factors. A rise in health consciousness has driven a growing demand for nutritional quality in food products. The culture of convenience now faces the challenge of a counter-trend in which a shift back towards fresh, simple or traditionally prepared foods undermines the retail position of frozen foods and similar products. The emergence and development of ethical niches adds further momentum to this movement within the industry. The response of food retailers must accommodate such diverse interests. A number of retailers operate incentive schemes for frequent shoppers and this can help secure customer retention. By discouraging movement across retail outlets, consumer mobility is reduced and, in the long term, buyer power can be weakened. Although high brand recognition does not automatically translate into consumer loyalty, if it is supported by a product range in which popular food products are central, the retailer can Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 15 FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS often draw indirectly on the loyalty base that manufacturers have established. Specialty, luxury or organic retailers can, due to the high level of product differentiation, justify price levels that would otherwise be unsustainable yet the limited volume of consumers places restraints on the power of such players. Buyer power overall is moderate. Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 16 FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS Supplier power Figure 6: Drivers of supplier power in the food retail industry in Europe, 2009 Source: Datamonitor DATAMONITOR Suppliers to the food retail industry include food manufacturers, farmers, and agricultural co-operatives. In order to ensure stability and offset the dangers of local sourcing problems or price fluctuations, large retail companies often maintain relationships with a wide range of suppliers. This diffuses dependency, minimizing the risks to retailers and strengthening their standing in relation to their suppliers. Long term contractual obligations are avoided where possible, and switching costs kept to a minimum. With a firm hold on key distribution channels, the leading retailers can dominate negotiations with certain suppliers. This is often difficult for smaller retailers such as specialist, luxury or organic outlets. The limited number of suppliers in niche areas and the centrality of product quality or preparation type limit’s the available range of sourcing options. With switching costs subsequently higher, the balance of power shifts somewhat from smaller retailers to specialist suppliers. Whilst the need to satisfy consumer demand for popular products bolsters manufacturers, many others face the problem of a high degree of retailer mobility as they switch suppliers in accordance with pricing pressures. The position of many large retail companies has also been strengthened internally with a surge of own brand products sidelining certain suppliers. Suppliers who are able to differentiate their product can wield some power over retailers, should their product be popular with the end consumer. Supplier power overall is moderate. Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 17 FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS New entrants Figure 7: Factors influencing the likelihood of new entrants in the food retail industry in Europe, 2009 Source: Datamonitor DATAMONITOR Large-scale, established retailers hold a natural advantage in operating businesses that benefit significantly from economies of scale, employing aggressive pricing schemes that cannot be matched by smaller retailers. Strong branding exercises and fast paced expansion deepen this asymmetry. Nevertheless, large retailers are not invulnerable to the threat of new entrants. Exit and entry costs within the industry are relatively low, encouraging potential entrants. The rapid growth of health consciousness and a swell of ethical goods form attractive avenues for new entrants seeking to move into a niche area that offers inbuilt protection from pricing pressures and mainstream marketing. Given the presence of many large-scale retailers, and the security of heavy branding, direct head-to-head competition is extremely difficult for new retailers. Strong growth makes the market attractive to prospective new entrants. Overall, the threat of new entrants is moderate. Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 18 FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS Substitutes Figure 8: Factors influencing the threat of substitutes in the food retail industry in Europe, 2009 Source: Datamonitor DATAMONITOR The chief alternative to food retail is food service. Supported by strong marketing campaigns in the case of fast food companies, and cultural traditions with respect to sit-down restaurants, both types represent a relevant alternative for many consumers. However, for the vast majority of people, these accompany food retail rather than replace it. A more direct substitute is found in subsistence agriculture in which individuals or families farm food to provide for their own personal needs. This is no longer common, however, since the emergence of market capitalism and the impact of this substitute on food retail is fractional. Environmental concerns, increasing health consciousness, and fears over political or economic instability may, in the long term, give this substitute a more significant role. However, it is unlikely to threaten food retailers in the foreseeable future being both labor intensive and often involving considerable start-up capital. The threat from substitutes is weak to moderate. Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 19 FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS Rivalry Figure 9: Drivers of degree of rivalry in the food retail industry in Europe, 2009 Source: Datamonitor DATAMONITOR Competition is often fierce within the food retail industry. The lack of substantial switching costs for consumers places pressure on retailers to secure their custom and loyalty. The limited level of differentiation across the basic product range pushes larger retailers into competitive pricing policies. The close similarity of players increases rivalry as they attempt to differentiate themselves through products and price to attract customers. Whilst some companies operate in other industries and can absorb the temporary impact of declining food sales, or high supply prices, for many, ood retail lies at the heart of the business. This basic dependency gives rise to aggressive competition. Rivalry is strong overall. Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 20 LEADING COMPANIES LEADING COMPANIES Metro AG Table 4: Metro AG: key facts Schluterstrasse 1, 40235 Dusseldorf, DEU 49 211 6886 4252 49 211 6886 2001 www. metrogroup. de December MEO G Frankfurt DATAMONITOR Head office: Telephone: Fax: Website: Financial year-end: Ticker: Stock exchange: Source: company website Metro Group (Metro) is a German trade and retail company organized into independent sales divisions. The group operates 2,195 outlets with approximately 12,350,000 square meters of selling space. It has a presence in 33 countries in Western Europe, Eastern Europe, Asia and Africa. The company employs around 300,000 people. Metro operates in four business segments: Metro Cash Carry, Real, Media Markt and Saturn and Galeria Kaufhof. Metro Cash Carry is engaged in cash and carry wholesaling. Operating under the brands of Metro and Makro, it is the group’s biggest sales division. Metro Cash Carry’s assortment of products is aimed at commercial and wholesale customers. It operates 665 stores in 30 countries. Real offers a range of food products and an assortment of non-food items. The selling space of the Real stores ranges from 5,000 to 15,000 square meters, with store assortments including up to 80,000 items. Real is based on a large-format hypermarket concept and operates 333 hypermarkets in Germany and 108 stores in Poland, Romania, Russia, Turkey and the Ukraine. Media Markt and Saturn sell consumer electronics across Europe. Galeria Kaufhof operates a chain of department stores in Germany and Belgium. The department stores offer modern lifestyle apparels for men and women and are present in shopping areas and downtown centers. Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 21 LEADING COMPANIES In addition to these divisions, Metro provides real estate management services through its subsidiary, Metro Group Asset Management. The company oversees more than 750 properties totaling eight million square meters of commercial space worldwide. It also operates more than 70 shopping centers. Key Metrics The company recorded revenues of $91,119 million in the fiscal year ending December 2009, a decrease of 3. 6% compared to fiscal 2008. Its net income was $722 million in fiscal 2009, compared to a net income of $776 million in the preceding year. Table 5: $ million Metro AG: key financials ($) 2005 77,482. 1 902. 4 40,000. 8 32,613. 0 246,875 2006 83,266. 6 1,658. 9 44,702. 2 36,293. 7 263,794 2007 89,461. 3 1,366. 9 47,099. 4 38,048. 6 275,520 2008 94,493. 6 775. 9 47,034. 0 38,941. 3 290,940 2009 91,118. 8 721. 7 46,814. 3 46,814. 286,091 Revenues Net income (loss) Total assets Total liabilities Employees Source: company filings DATAMONITOR Table 6: â‚ ¬ million Metro AG: key financials (â‚ ¬) 2005 55,722. 0 649. 0 28,767. 0 23,454. 0 2006 59,882. 0 1,193. 0 32,148. 0 26,101. 0 2007 64,337. 0 983. 0 33,872. 0 27,363. 0 2008 67,956. 0 558. 0 33,825. 0 28,005. 0 2009 65,529. 0 519. 0 33,667. 0 33,667. 0 Revenues Net in come (loss) Total assets Total liabilities Source: company filings DATAMONITOR Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 22 LEADING COMPANIES Table 7: Ratio Metro AG: key financial ratios 2005 1. 2% 4. 2% 1. 5% (0. 2%) 81. 5% 2. 3% $313,851 $3,655 2006 2. 0% 7. 5% 11. 8% 11. 3% 81. 2% 3. 9% $315,650 $6,289 2007 1. 5% 7. 4% 5. 4% 4. 8% 80. 8% 3. 0% $324,700 $4,961 2008 0. 8% 5. 6% (0. 1%) 2. 3% 82. 8% 1. 6% $324,787 $2,667 2009 0. 8% (3. 6%) (0. 5%) 20. 2% 100. 0% 1. 5% $318,496 $2,523 Profit margin Revenue growth Asset growth Liabilities growth Debt/asset ratio Return on assets Revenue per employee Profit per employee Source: company filings DATAMONITOR Figure 10: Metro AG: revenues profitability Source: company filings DATAMONITOR Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 23 LEADING COMPANIES Figure 11: Metro AG: assets liabilities Source: company filings DATAMONITOR Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 24 LEADING COMPANIES Carrefour S. A. Table 8: Carrefour S. A. : key facts 26 quai Michele, TSA 20016, 92695 Levallois-Perret Cedex, FRA 33 1 55 63 39 00 www. carrefour. com December CA Paris DATAMONITOR Head office: Telephone: Website: Financial year-end: Ticker: Stock exchange: Source: company website Carrefour is one of the leading grocery and consumer goods distribution groups in the world. The group operates more than 15,000 stores. Carrefour’s primary grocery formats includes hypermarkets, supermarkets, hard discount and convenience stores. Carrefour primarily organizes its business segments based on geographic presence: France; Europe excluding France; Asia; and Latin America. In addition, the group’s business operation can be segmented on the basis of its store formats (as mentioned in the previous paragraph). Carrefour is the leading hypermarket retailer in the world. The group operates about 1,302 hypermarket stores across the world, of which 228 hypermarkets are in France, 494 in European countries outside France, 288 in Latin America, and 292 in Asia. In Brazil, the group operates its hypermarket business under the Atacadao brand name; these hypermarkets offer a range of competitively priced companyowned and branded products in both food and non-food categories. In addition, the hypermarkets also offer services like insurance, financial services, home computer support, travel and entertainment reservations and mobile phones. The group operates approximately 2,919 supermarket stores in 11 countries under the banners Carrefour Express, Carrefour market, GB, GS and Champion. The supermarkets offer a wide selection of mostly food products and some non-food products related to apparel, culture and leisure, and tableware. Carrefour’s hard discount segment, Dia, operates about 6,252 hard discount stores in Spain, France (under Ed and Dia brands), Portugal (under Minipreco brand), Greece, Turkey, Argentina, Brazil and China. The group’s hard discount stores offer a range of food, basic health, and cleaning products at discounted rates. Europe – Food Retail Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 25 LEADING COMPANIES The group’s other activities comprise convenience stores, cash and carry foodservice stores, and ecommerce retail format. Carrefour operates about 4,813 convenience stores and 144 cash and carry sto res. Convenience stores are mainly operated by the franchisees under the banners Marche Plus, Shopi, 8 a Huit and Proxi in France; DiperDi in Italy; Carrefour Express and Carrefour GB in Belgium; Carrefour 5 Minut stores in Poland; Carrefour City stores in Spain; and Carrefour Convenient Buy in Thailand. These stores primarily offer a wide selection of food products; these also offer a range of services such as home delivery, dry cleaning, 48-hour photo development, ticket distribution, photocopying, stamps and newspapers. Cash and carry foodservice stores provide wholesale and retail self-service mainly intended for businesses. Carrefour operates cash and carry foodservice stores under the trade name Promocash. Most of the cash and carry stores are operated by franchisees. In addition to the above mentioned store formats, Carrefour also sells its products through various ecommerce websites. Carrefour operates an online grocery store, Ooshop, a leading French online supermarket in terms of sales. It allows customers to shop on the Internet, and select from product listings including fresh and frozen items, at the same price as they would pay in Carrefour’s hypermarkets, with the added benefit of home delivery. Carrefour France hypermarket’s non-food website, CarrefourOnline. com, offers products such as leisure products (DVDs, games, software, music, books and more), audio and video, household electrical goods, as well as music downloads and even flower and bicycle delivery. Carrefour. es, the group’s e-commerce website in Spain, offers both food and non-food products. Key Metrics The company recorded revenues of $119,533 million in the fiscal year ending December 2009, a decrease of 2. 6% compared to fiscal 2008. Its net income was $608 million in fiscal 2009, compared to a net income of $2,140 million in the preceding year. Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 26 LEADING COMPANIES Table 9: $ million Carrefour S. A. : key financials ($) 2005 116,399. 7 2,199. 8 64,311. 1 51,259. 436,474 2006 121,561. 3 3,381. 2 66,093. 8 48,356. 4 456,295 2007 128,305. 2 3,447. 4 72,212. 0 57,385. 0 490,042 2008 122,678. 1 2,139. 7 72,420. 6 57,191. 7 495,000 2009 119,532. 5 607. 7 71,685. 0 56,229. 5 495,000 Revenues Net income (loss) Total assets Total liabilities Employees Source: company filings DATAMONITOR Table 10: â‚ ¬ million Carrefour S. A. : key financials (â‚ ¬) 2005 83,710. 0 1,582. 0 46,250. 0 36,864. 0 2006 87,422. 0 2,431. 6 47,532. 0 34,776. 0 2007 92,272. 0 2,479. 2 51,932. 0 41,269. 0 2008 88,225. 2 1,538. 8 52,082. 0 41,130. 0 2009 85,963. 0 437. 0 51,553. 0 40,438. 0 Revenues Net income (loss) Total assets Total liabilities Source: company filings DATAMONITOR Table 11: Ratio Carrefour S. A. : key financial ratios 2005 1. 9% 2. 8% 9. 4% 7. 5% 79. 7% 3. 6% $266,682 $5,040 2006 2. 8% 4. 4% 2. 8% (5. 7%) 73. 2% 5. 2% $266,409 $7,410 2007 2. 7% 5. 5% 9. 3% 18. 7% 79. 5% 5. 0% $261,825 $7,035 2008 1. 7% (4. 4%) 0. 3% (0. 3%) 79. 0% 3. 0% $247,835 $4,323 2009 0. 5% (2. 6%) (1. 0%) (1. 7%) 78. 4% 0. 8% $241,480 $1,228 Profit margin Revenue growth Asset growth Liabilities growth Debt/asset ratio Return on assets Revenue per employee Profit per employee Source: company filings DATAMONITOR Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 27 LEADING COMPANIES Figure 12: Carrefour S. A. : revenues profitability Source: company filings DATAMONITOR Figure 13: Carrefour S. A. : assets liabilities Source: company filings DATAMONITOR Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 28 LEADING COMPANIES Lidl Dienstleistung Table 12: Lidl Dienstleistung: key facts Rotelstrasse 30, 74166 Neckarsulm, DEU 49 732 30 6060 www. idl. de December DATAMONITOR Head office: Telephone: Website: Financial year-end: Source: company website Lidl Schwarz Stiftung (Lidl) operates a chain of grocery stores. The company primarily operates in Europe. Lidl operates about 6,800 deep-discount department stores and no-frills Lidl supermarkets throughout Europe. In Germany it operates about 3, 100 stores. The company offers about 800 different products in its stores mostly under Lidl’s own brand. These include dairy products, frozen foods, sausages, fresh meat and poultry, fruit and veg delivered fresh every day, and a range of breads. Lidl is also expanding its presence into Denmark, Hungary, Norway, and Slovenia. Key Metrics Financial information for this company is unavailable. Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 29 LEADING COMPANIES Tesco PLC Table 13: Head office: Telephone: Website: Financial year-end: Ticker: Stock exchange: Source: company website Tesco PLC: key facts New Tesco House, Delamare Road, Cheshunt, Hertfordshire, EN8 9SL, GBR 44 1992 632 222 www. tescoplc. com February TSCO London DATAMONITOR Tesco is a leading food and grocery retailer. The company operates 4,331 stores in 14 countries worldwide. It operates in the UK, other European countries, the US and Asia. The company operates in a single segment: retail. However, Tesco’s operations can be examined by the store formats operated by it: Express, Metro, Superstore, Extra and Homeplus. The company has over 960 Express stores (up to 3,000 sq ft) offering fresh food at convenient locations. These stores sell a range of up to 7,000 products including fresh produce, wines and spirits and bakery products. The company has over 170 Metro stores (approximately 7,000-15,000 sq ft) in town and city centre locations. It offers a tailored range of food products including ready-meals and sandwiches. Tesco operates about 450 superstores (approximately 20,000-50,000 sq ft) at which it offers food as well non-food products such as DVDs and books. Tesco’s Homeplus stores (approx. 35,000-50,000 sq ft) are dedicated to non-food including clothing. Tesco has more than 175 Extra stores (approximately 60,000 sq ft and above) which offer a variety of food and non-food product lines ranging from electrical equipment to homewares, clothing, health and beauty, and seasonal items such as garden furniture. Additionally, about 115 Extra and Homeplus stores have opticians and around 270 of them have pharmacies. In addition to stores, Tesco offers retailing services through its online shopping channels, tesco. com and Tesco Direct. The company also provides broadband internet connections (Tesco broadband) and telecommunications services (Tesco Mobile and Home Phone) through a 50-50 joint venture with O2, a mobile phone company. Tesco also provides financial services through Tesco Personal Finance (TPF) which offers a choice of 28 products ranging from savings accounts and credit cards to car and travel insurance. All its financial products are also available for online purchase. Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 30 LEADING COMPANIES Key Metrics The company recorded revenues of $84,676 million in the fiscal year ending February 2009, an increase of 14. 9% compared to fiscal 2008. Its net income was $3,376 million in fiscal 2009, compared to a net income of $3,320 million in the preceding year. Table 14: $ million Tesco PLC: key financials ($) 2005 57,602. 2 3,042. 4 31,811. 6 17,695. 242,980 2006 67,234. 5 3,553. 7 35,167. 3 20,447. 6 273,024 2007 66,461. 4 2,959. 8 38,664. 9 22,188. 6 318,283 2008 73,720. 0 3,319. 9 47,014. 4 28,463. 7 345,737 2009 84,675. 6 3,376. 0 71,779. 5 52,460. 3 364,015 Revenues Net income (loss) Total assets Total liabilities Employees Source: company filings DATAMONITOR Table 15: ? million Tesco PLC: key financials (? ) 2005 36,957. 0 1,952. 0 20,410. 0 11,353. 0 2006 43,137. 0 2,280. 0 22,563. 0 13,119. 0 2007 42,641. 0 1,899. 0 24,807. 0 14,236. 0 2008 47,298. 0 2,130. 0 30,164. 0 18,262. 0 2009 54,327. 0 2,166. 46,053. 0 33,658. 0 Revenues Net income (loss) Total assets Total liabilities Source: company filings DATAMONITOR Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 31 LEADING COMPANIES Table 16: Ratio Tesco PLC: key financial ratios 2005 5. 3% 10. 1% 10. 9% 6. 4% 55. 6% 10. 1% $237,066 $12,521 2006 5. 3% 16. 7% 10. 5% 15. 6% 58. 1% 10. 6% $246,259 $13,016 2007 4. 5% (1. 1%) 9. 9% 8. 5% 57. 4% 8. 0% $208,812 $9,299 2008 4. 5% 10. 9% 21. 6% 28. 3% 60. 5% 7. 7% $213,226 $9,602 2009 4. % 14. 9% 52. 7% 84. 3% 73. 1% 5. 7% $232,616 $9,274 Profit margin Revenue growth Asset growth Liabilities growth Debt/asset ratio Return on assets Revenue per employee Profit per employee Source: company filings DATAMONITOR Figure 14: Tesco PLC: re venues profitability Source: company filings DATAMONITOR Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 32 LEADING COMPANIES Figure 15: Tesco PLC: assets liabilities Source: company filings DATAMONITOR Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 33 MARKET FORECASTS MARKET FORECASTS Market value forecast In 2014, the European food retail industry is forecast to have a value of $2,477. 4 billion, an increase of 49% since 2009. The compound annual growth rate of the industry in the period 2009–14 is predicted to be 8. 3%. Table 17: Year 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 CAGR: 2009–14 Source: Datamonitor Europe food retail industry value forecast: $ billion, 2009–14 $ billion 1,663. 1 1,811. 4 1,978. 0 2,161. 3 2,359. 7 2,477. â‚ ¬ billion 1,196. 1 1,302. 7 1,422. 5 1,554. 3 1,697. 0 1,781. 6 % Growth 8. 5% 8. 9% 9. 2% 9. 3% 9. 2% 5. 0% 8. 3% DATAMONITOR Figure 16: Europe food retail industry value forecast: $ billion, 2009–14 Source: Datamonitor DATAMONITOR Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Pag e 34 APPENDIX APPENDIX Methodology Datamonitor Industry Profiles draw on extensive primary and secondary research, all aggregated, analyzed, cross-checked and presented in a consistent and accessible style. Review of in-house databases – Created using 250,000+ industry interviews and consumer surveys and supported by analysis from industry experts using highly complex modeling forecasting tools, Datamonitor’s in-house databases provide the foundation for all related industry profiles Preparatory research – We also maintain extensive in-house databases of news, analyst commentary, company profiles and macroeconomic demographic information, which enable our researchers to build an accurate market overview Definitions – Market definitions are standardized to allow comparison from country to country. The parameters of each definition are carefully reviewed at the start of the research process to ensure they match the requirements of both the market and our clients Extensive secondary research activities ensure we are always fully up-to-date with the latest industry events and trends Datamonitor aggregates and analyzes a number of secondary information sources, including: National/Governmental statistics International data (official international sources) National and International trade associations Broker and analyst reports Company Annual Reports Business information libraries and databases Modeling forecasting tools – Datamonitor has developed powerful tools that allow quantitative and qualitative data to be combined with related macroeconomic and demographic drivers to create market models and forecasts, which can then be refined according to specific competitive, regulatory and demand-related factors Continuous quality control ensures that our processes and profiles remain focused, accurate and up-to-date Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 35 APPENDIX Industry associations Global Food Marketing Institute 655 15th Street, NW, Washington DC, 20005 Tel. : 001 202 452 8444 Fax: 001 202 429 4519 www. fmi. org/ CIES — The Food Business Forum 7, rue de Madrid 75008 Paris FRANCE Tel. : 0033 1 4469 8484 Fax: 0033 1 4469 9939 www. ciesnet. com EuroCommerce Avenue des Nerviens 9-31, B-1040 Brussels, Belgium Tel. : 0032 2 737 0598 Fax: 0032 2 230 0078 www. eurocommerce. be Related Datamonitor research Industry Profile Food Retail in Western Europe Food Retail in Asia-Pacific Food Retail in the US Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 36 APPENDIX Disclaimer All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher, Datamonitor plc. The facts of this report are believed to be correct at the time of publication but cannot be guaranteed. Please note that the findings, conclusions and recommendations that Datamonitor delivers will be based on information gathered in good faith from both primary and secondary sources, whose accuracy we are not always in a position to guarantee. As such Datamonitor can accept no liability whatever for actions taken based on any information that may subsequently prove to be incorrect. Europe – Food Retail  © Datamonitor. This profile is a licensed product and is not to be photocopied 0201 – 2058 – 2009 Page 37 ABOUT DATAMONITOR ABOUT DATAMONITOR The Datamonitor Group is a world-leading provider of premium global business information, delivering independent data, analysis and opinion across the Automotive, Consumer Markets, Energy Utilities, Financial Services, Logistics Express, Pharmaceutical Healthcare, Retail, Technology and Telecoms industries. Combining our industry knowledge and experience, we assist over 6,000 of the world’s leading companies in making better strategic and operational decisions. Delivered online via our user-friendly web platforms, our market intelligence products and services ensure that you will achieve your desired commercial goals by giving you the insight you need to best respond to your competitive environment. Premium Reports Datamonitor’s premium reports are based on primary research with industry panels and consumers. 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